Ponttor Gate, Aachen, Germany

The Ponttor city gate dates from the 14th Century, and would have been one of the main gates that everyone entering or leaving Aachen would have passed through. At this time, the city wall would have been complete. Although restored, it is one of the few preserved double gates in Germany.

When you entered, and passed under the portcullis, it would have closed behind you, leaving you trapped in its chamber while the guards inspected you and decided if you would be allowed to enter the city. If you were allowed through, the second portcullis would be lifted for you, giving you access to the city itself. 

Ponttor Gate also served as a customs office, and while people were inside the gate it was not only the city’s security that was important. While it was important that security was maintained, taxes would also be collected here from travelling merchants, on the goods being brought into the city.  A fee was also charged to visitors when they entered. 

The fortification of Aachen came after it achieved city status in 1166.  Aachen was given four years to construct a wall to protect it. When completed, the wall was 2.5km in length, and eventually reached a height of 4.5 meters and was 2.5 meters thick. The external fortified ring of defences once had 11 city gates and 22 fortified towers.